The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However,the past 15 yr have seen the emergence of the microbiota (the trillions of microorganisms withinand on our bodies) as one of the key regulators of gut-brain function and has led to the appreciationof the importance of a distinct microbiota-gut-brain axis.This axis […]
THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS Read More »
The global prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease is steadily increasing due to the aging population. The lack of effective drugs against these neurodegenerative disorders makes it imperative to identify new strategies for their prevention and treatment. Recent studies have revealed that harnessing the power of the gut microbiota through modification of diet may
Modifying the diet and gut microbiota to prevent and manage neurodegenerative diseases Read More »
Considerable evidence has linked periodontitis (PD) to hypertension (HTN), but the nature behind this connection is unclear. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota leading to PD is known to aggravate different systematic diseases, but the alteration of oral microbiota in HTN and their impacts on blood pressure (BP) remains to be discovered. CLICK TO REVIEW
Roles of oral microbiota and oral-gut microbial transmission in hypertension Read More »
The cellular hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and the formation of α-synuclein-enriched Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in the remaining neurons. Based on the topographic distribution of Lewy bodies established after autopsy of brains from PD patients, Braak and coworkers hypothesized that Lewy pathology primes in the enteric
Dopaminergic cells, which use dopamine as a neurotransmitter, arenot as numerous as other brain nerve cells such as serotonergic andGABAergic neurons. However, dopamine neurons project to a varietyof important brain regions to control movement, emotion, the rewardsystem, and the secretion of prolactin. Both schizophrenia andParkinson’s disease are disorders of the dopaminergic neurotransmissions, but schizophrenia has
Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Schizophrenia and Parkinson’s
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The role of Akkermansia muciniphila, one of the most abundant microorganisms of the intestinalmicrobiota, has been studied extensively in metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Itis considered a next-generation probiotic microorganism. Although its mechanism of action hasnot been fully elucidated, accumulating evidence indicates the important role of A. muciniphilain brain functions via the gut-brain
Current pharmacological treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD) provide relief for motorsymptoms but fail to alleviate prevalent non-motor symptoms (NMS)- such as gastrointestinal(GI) dysfunction which often occurs before the development of motor symptoms. Strategies toslow the progression of PD have been proposed, but so far none has proven successful. PDpatients display changes in gut microbiome composition
The increased worldwide prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, requiring different strategies for their prevention and management. A new focus is the reversal of diabetes dysbiosis, a disruption of gut microbiota homeostasis, which is closely related to elevated blood glucose levels and altered metabolic parameters. In this sense, a balanced diet plays a key role, and,
Impact of Probiotic and Prebiotic on Gut Microbiota in Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Read More »
The recent revelation that the gut microbiome, home to approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, is implicated in the development of both health and disease has spurred an exponential increase in interdisciplinary research involving gut microbiology. In all this hype, there is a need to better understand and contextualize the emerging evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in
Microbiota and the gut-brain-axis: Implications for new therapeutic design in the CNS Read More »
The gut microbiome exerts a considerable influence on human neurophysiology and mental health. Interactions between intestinal microbiology and host regulatory systems have now been implicated both in the development of psychiatric conditions and in the efficacy of many common therapies. With the growing acceptance of the role played by the gut microbiome in mental health
The gut microbiome and mental health: advances in research and emerging priorities Read More »