The gut microbiota is highly capable of biotransformation, exposing the host to a wide variety
of physiologically active compounds. These metabolites participate in signaling between the
gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system and may regulate physiological and
pathological processes in the central nervous system. This bidirectional communication can
take place in a variety of ways, including binding to receptors in the host brain, stimulating the
vagus nerve in the gut, modifying central neurotransmission, and influencing neuroinflammation. The purpose of this article is to discuss the mechanism of action of microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and neurotransmitters in the gut-brain axis and
to propose new strategies for treating related neurological illnesses from a gut microbiota
regulation perspective. CLICK TO REVIEW