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Biological macromolecules are built by the combination of smaller organic molecules. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of such biological macromolecules. In this chapter, we discuss the role of these micro molecules on central nervous system (CNS). From various literature, it is observed that biological macromolecules are mainly involved in serious injuries or these have a critical role in the down-regulation of various neurological disorders; for example, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is formed by the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and release of free fatty acids; arachidonic acid (precursor). PLA2 attributes to leopard peroxidation process that leads to CNS injury and multiple neurological disorders, and examples are amyloid and tau protein, which play a significant role in Alzheimer disease. CLICK TO REVIEW