A-Synuclein

Possible predictors of phenoconversion in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A-Synuclein, Biomarkers, Hyposmia, Hyposmia, iRBD, Orthostatic Hypotension /

Background A number of promising biomarkers for predicting imminent α-synucleinopathies have been suggested in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). However, existing evidence is conflicting without quantitative evaluation. Methods PubMed, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through June 2021 to identify possible predictors of phenoconversion from iRBD to Parkinson’s disease (PD). The pooled HRs […]

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Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

A-Synuclein, Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), Oral Microbiome, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) are brain conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. These diseases are associated with the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ), alpha synuclein (α-Syn) and prion protein (PrP) depositions in the brain, respectively, which lead to synaptic disconnection and subsequent progressive neuronal death. Although

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Alpha-synuclein oligomers and small nerve fiber pathology in skin are potential biomarkers of Parkinson’s diseas

A-Synuclein, Biomarkers, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

The proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a specific and sensitive technique for the detection of αSyn oligomers (αSyn-PLA), early and toxic species implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. We aimed to evaluate by skin biopsy the diagnostic and prognostic capacity of αSyn-PLA and small nerve fiber reduction in PD in a longitudinal study. αSyn-PLA was

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The link between the gut microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic mechanism review with focus on α-synuclein transport

A-Synuclein, ENS, Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Research has suggested a link between the gut microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and an early involvement of gastrointestinal dysfunction has been reported in patients. A mechanism review was performed to investigate whether the neurodegenerative cascade begins in the gut; mediated by gut dysbiosis and retrograde transport of α-synuclein. This review provides a summary of

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Digesting recent findings: gut alpha-synuclein, microbiome changes in Parkinson’s disease

A-Synuclein, Constipation, ENS, Gut Dysbiosis, Gut-Brain axis /

Two hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the widespread deposition of misfolded alpha-synuclein (αSyn) protein in the nervous system and loss of substantia nigra dopamine neurons. Recent research has suggested that αSyn aggregates in the enteric nervous system (ENS) lead to prodromal gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as constipation in PD, then propagating to the brain stem and eventually triggering neurodegeneration and

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Attack of the Oligomers – Alpha-synuclein amyloid oligomers and their pathogenic roles

A-Synuclein, Parkinson's Disease /

In “Attack of the Oligomers,” we review how protein oligomersare the primary neurotoxic agents not just in Parkinson’s diseasebut also in Alzheimer’s (where they were discovered first) andother amyloid-related diseases. The oligomers wreak havocthroughout the cell, disrupting membranes and throwing proteinand ion homeostasis out of balance. However, the most criticaldamage in Parkinson’s disease seems to

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Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein seed quantification in synucleinopathies

A-Synuclein, iRBD, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Several studies have confirmed α-synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion (αSyn-RTQuIC) assay to have high sensitivity and specificity for Parkinson’s disease. However, whetherthe assay can be used as a robust, quantitative measure to monitor disease progression, stratifydifferent synucleinopathies and predict disease conversion in patients with idiopathic REMsleep behaviour disorder remains undetermined. The aim of this study was

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Bioactive lipids and their metabolism: new therapeutic opportunities for Parkinson’s disease

A-Synuclein, Dementia - Lewy Bodies, Non-Motor Symptoms, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, which can also be associated with non-motor symptoms. Its pathogenesis is thought to stem from a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the formation of Lewy bodies containing aggregated α-synuclein. Recent works suggested that lipids might play a pivotal

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α-Synuclein aggregation in the olfactory bulb induces olfactory deficits by perturbing granule cells and granular–mitral synaptic transmission

A-Synuclein, Olfactory, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Olfactory dysfunction is an early pre-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) but the neural mechanisms underlying this dysfunction remain largely unknown. Aggregation of α-synuclein is observed in the olfactory bulb (OB) during the early stages of PD, indicating a relationship between α-synuclein pathology and hyposmia. Here we investigate whether and how α-synuclein aggregates modulate neural

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Environmental factors in Parkinson’s disease: New insights into the molecular mechanisms

A-Synuclein, Enviromental /

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting 2–3% of the population ≥65 years. It has long been characterized by motor impairment, autonomic dysfunction, and psychological and cognitive changes. The pathological hallmarks are intracellular inclusions containing α-synuclein aggregates and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Parkinson’s disease is thought to be caused by a combination

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