Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been suggested as a potential adjunctive therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms of HBOT on neurons and motor function in […]
Recently, comparative studies have rapidly increased with the closer correlation between microbiota and neurological diseases. However, most insights about the association between microbiota and neurological diseases still focus on the gut-brain axis and ignore that nasal microbiota could form a complex and essential link with the nervous system via the nose-to-brain pathway, suggesting the role
: The microbiome has emerged as a key player contributing significantly to the humanphysiology over the past decades. The potential microbial niche is largely unexplored in the contextof exercise enhancing capacity and the related mitochondrial functions. Physical exercise can influence the gut microbiota composition and diversity, whereas a sedentary lifestyle in association withdysbiosis can lead
Light is essential to life as we know it. Plants rely upon sunlight to generate chemical energy, which is stored in their tissues and fuels various life processes. In turn, animals like us convert the energy from the food that we eat into mechanical energy. Furthermore, we depend upon light energy entering our eyes in order
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Modern healthcare systems are founded on a disease-centric paradigm, which has conferred manynotable successes against infectious disorders in the past. However, today’s leading causes of death are dominatedby non-infectious “lifestyle” disorders, broadly represented by the metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, cancer,and neurodegeneration. Our disease-centric paradigm regards these disorders as distinct disease processes,caused and driven by disease targets
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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disease among olderadults. PD neuropathology is marked by the progressive loss of the dopaminergic neurons of thesubstantia nigra pars compacta and the widespread accumulation of misfolded intracellularα-synuclein (α-syn). Genetic mutations and post-translational modifications, such as α-syn phosphorylation, have been identified among the multiple factors supporting α-syn accrual
For the development of disease-modifying therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) the identification of biomarkers in the prodromal stage is urgently required. Because PD is considered a systemic disease even in the early stage, we performed a metabolomic analysis of the plasma from a mouse model of prodromal PD (p-PD). Increased levels of isobutyrylcarnitine in p-PD
One fundamental component of systemic homeostasis is the gut microbiota, which communicates withthe CNS via microbial metabolite production, the peripheral nervous system, and regulation oftryptophan metabolism. Over the past 10–15 years, research focused on the microbiota–gut–brainaxis has culminated in the discovery that dysbiosis, or an imbalance between commensal andpathogenic gut bacteria, can promote CNS pathologies.
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The mechanisms involved in pathogenesis and progression ofPD is not fully understood but there is overwhelming evidence thatmaintenance of redox potential is important for neuronal survival.Any disruption in the mitochondrial potential disrupts the cellularhomeostasis, which in turn causes more ROS production leadingto neuroinflammation and degeneration. The review attempts toconsolidate key signaling pathways, and proteins that
Psychobiotics—live microorganisms with potential mental health benefits, which can modulate the microbiota-gut-brain-axis via immune, humoral, neural, and metabolic pathways—are emerging as novel therapeutic options for the effective treatment of psychiatric disorders Recently, microbiome studies have identified numerous putative psychobiotic strains, of which short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria have attracted special attention from neurobiologists. Recent
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