Short Chain Fatty Acids

Improvement of colonic healing and surgical recovery with perioperative supplementation of inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides

Inulin and GOS diets were associated with increased butyrate production and better anastomotic healing. Histological analysis revealed an enhanced mucosal continuity, and this was associated with an increased re-epithelialization of the wound as determined by increased epithelial proliferation. Collagen concentration in peri-anastomotic tissue was higher with inulin and GOS diets and MMP activity, a marker […]

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Centrally administered butyrate improves gut barrier function, visceral sensation and septic lethality in rats

Short chain fatty acids readily crosses the gut-blood and blood–brain barrier and acts centrally to influence neuronal signaling. We hypothesized that butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by bacterial fermentation, in the central nervous system may play a role in the regulation of intestinal functions. Colonic permeability and visceral sensation was evaluated in rats. Septic

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Neuroprotective effects of short-chain fatty acids in MPTP induced mice model of Parkinson’s disease

Finally, the pros and cons of the current treatments for PD, including those targeting microbiota, are assessed. Advancements in research techniques, further studies on levels of specific strains and longitudinal prospective clinical trials are urgently needed for the identification of early diagnostic markers and the development of novel therapeutic approaches for PD. CLICK TO REVIEW

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Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids

This review specifically highlights the regulatory functions of DF and SCFAs in the immune system with a focus on major innate and adaptive lymphocytes. Current information regarding how SCFAs regulate innate lymphoid cells, T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells and how these functions impact immunity, inflammation, and allergic responses are discussed. CLICK

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Dietary restrictions modulate the gut microbiota: Implications for health and disease

The data suggest that changing the gut microbiota composition by dietary restriction has the potential to positively influence the progression of several diseases such as obesity, diabetes, neurological diseases or inflammatory bowel disease. Finally, the relevance of the findings for clinical practice is evaluated and approaches for future research are proposed. CLICK TO REVIEW

Dietary restrictions modulate the gut microbiota: Implications for health and disease Read More »

Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids modulate microglia and promote Ab plaque deposition

Despite increased microglial recruitment to Ab plaques upon SCFA supplementation, microglia contained less intracellular Ab. Taken together, our results demonstrate that microbiota-derived SCFA are critical mediators along the gut-brain axis which promote Ab deposition likely via modulation of the microglial phenotype. CLICK TO REVIEW

Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids modulate microglia and promote Ab plaque deposition Read More »

Gut-brain axis and immunoneuroendocrine modulation in neurological and psychiatric disorders: Asystematic review

Communication between the GI tract and the CNS occurs via the neuronal,endocrine, and immunological pathways through a) the production of neurotransmitters, b) the tryptophan metabolism, c) the modulation of the immunological activity in the CNS and the SNE, d) production of short chain fatty acids, e) the production of intestinal hormones, and f) the production

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Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD?

This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of these effects, with specific focus on energy metabolism, intestinal barrier, immune system, and disease activity in IBD. To conclude, more research is needed on the cross-feeding mechanisms in the gut microbiome, as well as on the therapeutic potential of SCFAs on different disease models. Also

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Source of gut microbiota determines oat β-glucan degradation and short chain fatty acid-producing pathway

Overall, our data suggested that β-glucan could be completely hydrolyzed by human fecal microbiota but not thoroughly degraded by mice fecal microbiota. The notion shed some light on the effect of gut microbial source on β-glucan degradation, providing new information for the relationship between β-glucan metabolism and gut microbiota. CLICK TO REVIEW

Source of gut microbiota determines oat β-glucan degradation and short chain fatty acid-producing pathway Read More »

Comparison of bioactive constituents and effects on gut microbiota by in vitro fermentation between Ophicordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris

After in vitro digestion and anaerobic fermentation, both O. sinensis and C. militaris could modulate the gut microbiota composition through reducing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Moreover, this research demonstrated that O. sinensis had more positive effects on the intestinalhealth compared with C. militaris via decreasing the pH of gut environment, stimulating the production

Comparison of bioactive constituents and effects on gut microbiota by in vitro fermentation between Ophicordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris Read More »