It has been proven that physical exercise improves cognitive function and memory, has
an analgesic and antidepressant effect, and delays the aging of the brain and the development of
diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. There are even attempts to use physical activity in
the treatment of mental diseases. The course of most diseases is strictly associated with oxidative
stress, which can be prevented or alleviated with regular exercise. It has been proven that physical
exercise helps to maintain the oxidant–antioxidant balance. In this review, we present the current
knowledge on redox balance in the organism and the consequences of its disruption, while focusing
mainly on the brain. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of physical activity on aging and brain
diseases, and present current recommendations and directions for further research in this area. CLICK TO REVIEW
Keywords: physical exercise; oxidant–antioxidant equilibrium; central nervous system; neurodegeneration; exerkines; cognition; memory