cns

Recent advances in understanding the roles of the enteric nervous system

ENS, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Parkinson's Disease /

The enteric nervous system (ENS), the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is a vast, mesh-like network of neurons and glia embedded within the bowel wall. Through its complex circuitry and neuronal diversity, the ENS is capable of functioning autonomously but is modulated by inputs from the central nervous system (CNS). The communication between […]

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Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative
Diseases and Acute Neurological Insults in the Central
Nervous System

Autophagy, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Autophagy is an important function that mediates the degradation of intracellular proteinsand organelles. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) degrades selected proteins and has a crucialrole in cellular proteostasis under various physiological and pathological conditions. CMA dysfunction leads to the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS) andis involved in the pathogenic process of

Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative
Diseases and Acute Neurological Insults in the Central
Nervous System Read More »

Microbiota and the gut-brain-axis: Implications for new therapeutic design in the CNS

Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis /

The recent revelation that the gut microbiome, home to approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, is implicated in the development of both health and disease has spurred an exponential increase in interdisciplinary research involving gut microbiology. In all this hype, there is a need to better understand and contextualize the emerging evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in

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Microbiota and the gut-brain-axis: Implications for new therapeutic design in the CNS

Biomarkers, Constipation, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD, Vagal Nerve /

The recent revelation that the gut microbiome, home to approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, is implicated in the development of both health and disease has spurred an exponential increase in interdisciplinary research involving gut microbiology. In all this hype, there is a need to better understand and contextualize the emerging evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in

Microbiota and the gut-brain-axis: Implications for new therapeutic design in the CNS Read More »

Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Neurologic Injury

Butyrate, Constipation, ENS, Fecal Transplants (FMT), Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

: Communication between the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal (GI)tract and the central nervous system (CNS) is vital for maintaining systemic homeostasis. Intrinsicand extrinsic neurological inputs of the gut regulate blood flow, peristalsis, hormone release, andimmunological function. The health of the gut microbiome plays a vital role in regulating the overallfunction and well-being

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The Complement System in the Central Nervous System:
From Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration

Uncategorized /

The functions of the complement system to both innate and adaptive immunity throughopsonization, cell lysis, and inflammatory activities are well known. In contrast, the role of complement in the central nervous system (CNS) which extends beyond immunity, is only beginning to berecognized as important to neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration. In addition to protecting thebrain against invasive

The Complement System in the Central Nervous System:
From Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration Read More »

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Gut Dysbiosis, Vagal Nerve /

There has been exponential growth in the awareness and understanding of gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) over the past 3 decades. The clinical features of GI dysfunction in PD have been clearly identified and innovative research has demonstrated the presence of pathology within the enteric nervous system (ENS) in individuals with PD, leading

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The gut microbiota-brain axis, psychobiotics and its influence on brain and behaviour: a systematic review

Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics /

The gut microbiota is the set of microorganisms present in the gut, and it is connected to the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis. Despite there is not a definitive description of the eubiotic microbiota architecture, numerous studies have demonstrated its involvement in human behaviour and its relationship with several pathologies. This is a systematic review about the association between dysbiosis on

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Biological macromolecules acting on central nervous system

Uncategorized /

Author links open overlay panel Biological macromolecules are built by the combination of smaller organic molecules. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of such biological macromolecules. In this chapter, we discuss the role of these micro molecules on central nervous system (CNS). From various literature, it is observed that biological macromolecules are mainly

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Microbiota-derived acetate enables the metabolic fitness of the brain innate immune system during health and disease

Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

As tissue macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), microglia constitute the pivotal immune cells of this organ. Microglial features are strongly dependent on environmental cues such as commensal microbiota. Gut bacteria are known to continuously modulate microglia maturation and function by the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the precise mechanism of this crosstalk is unknown. Here we determined that

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