review

Modulation of gut health using probiotics: the role of probiotic effector molecules

Gut Microbiota, Gut Permeability / Leaky Gut, Gut-Brain axis, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

Probiotics affect intestinal metabolism and play a crucial role in gut homeostasis. Studies on probiotic effector molecules—bacteriocins, peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, exopolysaccharides, secretory proteins, and short-chain fatty acids—describe their effect on the gut barrier; immune and nervous system; and gut microbiota. However, the detailed mechanism of how the intestinal microbiota changes after the intervention of effector […]

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Fermented Foods, Health and the Gut Microbiome

Fermented Foods, Gut Microbiota, Metabolites, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics /

Fermented foods have been a part of human diet for almost 10,000 years, and their levelof diversity in the 21st century is substantial. The health benefits of fermented foods have beenintensively investigated; identification of bioactive peptides and microbial metabolites in fermentedfoods that can positively affect human health has consolidated this interest. Each fermented foodtypically hosts

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Probiotics in Health and Disease: A Review of Emerging
Evidence of Potential Benefits and Harm

Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Parkinson's Disease, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics /

Emerging multi-drug resistant pathogens are the main driving force behind the efforts to find analternative treatment approach such as probiotics. Probiotics are considered living drugs that can reduce theconsumption of conventional antibiotics and improve human and animal health. Particularly, bacterial originprobiotics became increasingly popular during the last two decades as a result of the continuously

Probiotics in Health and Disease: A Review of Emerging
Evidence of Potential Benefits and Harm Read More »

Gut–Brain Cross Talk: Microbiome
and Micronutrients

Butyrate, Diet and Exercise, Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Metabolites, Parkinson's Disease, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

A good diet may deliver micronutrients such as vitamins A, B6, B12, C,and D and minerals such as iron, copper, zinc, and selenium that have beenimplicated to have key roles for supporting immunity with reducing host infections.Most studies have shown that once the subject was infected, the immune system willbe enhanced, which will require high

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and Micronutrients Read More »

Inulin fructans in diet: Role in gut homeostasis, immunity, health outcomes and potential therapeutics

Diet and Exercise, Gut Dysbiosis, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

Inulin consumption in both humans and animal models is recognized for its prebiotic action with the most consistent change that lies in enhancing the growth and functionality of Bifidobacterium bacteria, as well as its effect on host gene expression and metabolism. Further, inulin-type fructans are utilized in the colon by bacterial fermentation to yield short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which play

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Is the Use of Glyphosate in Modern Agriculture Resulting in Increased Neuropsychiatric Conditions Through Modulation of the Gut-brain-microbiome Axis?

Enviromental, Glyphosate, Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Metabolites, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics, Short Chain Fatty Acids /

Environmental exposure to glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides has the potential to negatively influence neurodevelopment and behavior across generations indirectly through the gut-brain-microbiome axis. Potential mechanisms by which glyphosate may elicit these effects are through the disruption of the normally symbiotic relationship of the host and the gut microbiome. Given glyphosate can kill commensal members of

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Recent advances in understanding the roles of the enteric nervous system

ENS, Gut Microbiota, Gut-Brain axis, Parkinson's Disease /

The enteric nervous system (ENS), the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is a vast, mesh-like network of neurons and glia embedded within the bowel wall. Through its complex circuitry and neuronal diversity, the ENS is capable of functioning autonomously but is modulated by inputs from the central nervous system (CNS). The communication between

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Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative
Diseases and Acute Neurological Insults in the Central
Nervous System

Autophagy, Parkinson's Disease, Pre-PD /

Autophagy is an important function that mediates the degradation of intracellular proteinsand organelles. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) degrades selected proteins and has a crucialrole in cellular proteostasis under various physiological and pathological conditions. CMA dysfunction leads to the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS) andis involved in the pathogenic process of

Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative
Diseases and Acute Neurological Insults in the Central
Nervous System Read More »

Reducing neuroinflammation via therapeutic compounds and lifestyle to prevent or delay progression of Parkinson’s disease.Prevention of neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease

Diet and Exercise, Fasting, Parkinson's Disease, Therapies /

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-associated neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by progressive loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Peripheral immune cell infiltration and activation of microglia and astrocytes are observed in PD, a process called neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a fundamental response to protect the brain but, when chronic, it

Reducing neuroinflammation via therapeutic compounds and lifestyle to prevent or delay progression of Parkinson’s disease.Prevention of neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease Read More »

Preventing Bacterial Translocation in Patients with Leaky Gut
Syndrome: Nutrition and Pharmacological Treatment Options

Gut Dysbiosis, Gut Permeability / Leaky Gut, Probiotics, Prebiotics and Symbiotics /

: Leaky gut syndrome is a medical condition characterized by intestinal hyperpermeability.Since the intestinal barrier is one of the essential components maintaining homeostasis along thegastrointestinal tract, loss of its integrity due to changes in bacterial composition, decreased expression levels of tight junction proteins, and increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokinesmay lead to intestinal hyperpermeability followed by

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Syndrome: Nutrition and Pharmacological Treatment Options Read More »